Sudan is a country in Africa (Northern Africa) with a total population of 50,448,963 as of 2024. It covers an area of 1,861,484 km², resulting in a population density of 26.8 people per km².

The average life expectancy is 66.3 years (63.3 for men, 69.6 for women). The fertility rate stands at 4.32 children per woman, and the median age of the population is 23.5 years.

The country's population growth rate is 0.81% per year. Net migration is -544,257 people, indicating that more people are leaving the country than arriving. The infant mortality rate is 39.2 per 1,000 live births.

Demographic Profile

Sudan is located in Northern Africa, a part of Africa, and covers an area of 1,861,484 km². With a population of 50,448,963, the country has a population density of 26.8 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is below the global average of approximately 60 people per km².

The demographic structure of Sudan reveals a relatively young population. The median age of 23.5 years means that half of the population is younger and half is older than this age. This young demographic structure suggests a large working-age population entering the labor market in coming years, presenting both opportunities for economic growth and challenges in terms of job creation and education.

Health and Longevity

Life expectancy in Sudan stands at 66.3 years overall — 63.3 years for men and 69.6 years for women. This is close to the global average, indicating ongoing improvements in healthcare and living conditions. The infant mortality rate is 39.2 per 1,000 live births, which indicates significant challenges in maternal and child healthcare.

Fertility and Population Growth

The total fertility rate (TFR) of 4.32 children per woman is above the replacement level of 2.1, contributing to population growth. The population is growing at a rate of 0.81% per year. This moderate growth rate reflects a balance between natural increase and migration patterns.

Migration

Net migration in Sudan is -544,257 people, meaning more people are leaving the country than arriving. Emigration may reflect economic challenges or conflict, and can lead to brain drain as skilled workers seek opportunities elsewhere.

Outlook

Based on current demographic trends, Sudan's population dynamics reflect broader patterns seen across Northern Africa. With a young population, the country has significant demographic potential if investments in education and employment keep pace with population growth.