Total number of people living in the country.
How many people live per square kilometer of land.
How long a newborn baby can expect to live on average.
Average number of children born to each woman. About 2.1 is needed to keep population stable.
Half the population is younger and half is older than this age.
Difference between people moving in and out. Positive means more arrivals.
Population Trend
How the total population has changed over the decades. A rising line means the country has been growing, a flat or falling line indicates stagnation or decline.
Population Projection to 2100
Estimated future population based on current trends in birth rates, death rates, and migration. The dashed line shows this is a projection, not actual data.
Birth Rate vs Death Rate
Birth rate (green) vs. death rate (red) per 1,000 people per year. When the birth rate is higher than the death rate, the population grows naturally.
Life Expectancy (Male vs Female)
Average number of years a newborn can expect to live. Blue shows men, red shows women. Women typically live longer in most countries.
Fertility Rate Trend
Total Fertility Rate — the average number of children per woman. A rate of about 2.1 is needed to maintain the population without immigration.
Population Pyramid
Shows the age distribution of the population. Blue bars (left) represent men, red bars (right) represent women. A wide base means a young population, a wide top means an aging population.
Historical Data
Detailed numbers for selected years showing how the country's key indicators have changed over time. Click column headers to sort.
| Year | Population | Growth Rate | Fertility Rate (TFR) | Life Expectancy | Median Age | Birth Rate | Death Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 435,990,338 | 0.00% | 5.92 | 45.6 | 23.4 | 42.9‰ | 19.4‰ |
| 1965 | 490,140,146 | 2.25% | 5.94 | 45.6 | 22.6 | 41.7‰ | 19.4‰ |
| 1970 | 545,864,268 | 2.22% | 5.62 | 48.6 | 22.9 | 39.8‰ | 17.0‰ |
| 1975 | 611,309,535 | 2.36% | 5.20 | 50.8 | 23.4 | 38.4‰ | 15.5‰ |
| 1980 | 687,354,025 | 2.38% | 4.78 | 53.6 | 24.1 | 37.1‰ | 13.8‰ |
| 1985 | 772,647,793 | 2.33% | 4.43 | 56.3 | 24.5 | 35.4‰ | 12.2‰ |
| 1990 | 864,972,221 | 2.21% | 4.05 | 58.6 | 25.0 | 32.6‰ | 10.7‰ |
| 1995 | 960,301,044 | 2.01% | 3.65 | 60.6 | 25.8 | 29.8‰ | 9.6‰ |
| 2000 | 1,057,922,733 | 1.88% | 3.35 | 62.7 | 27.0 | 27.5‰ | 8.6‰ |
| 2005 | 1,154,676,322 | 1.63% | 2.96 | 64.9 | 28.3 | 24.3‰ | 7.8‰ |
| 2010 | 1,243,481,564 | 1.45% | 2.60 | 67.2 | 29.6 | 21.6‰ | 7.2‰ |
| 2015 | 1,328,024,498 | 1.19% | 2.29 | 69.3 | 31.1 | 18.9‰ | 6.7‰ |
| 2020 | 1,402,617,695 | 0.97% | 2.05 | 70.2 | 32.6 | 16.7‰ | 7.2‰ |
| 2024 | 1,450,935,791 | 0.89% | 1.98 | 72.0 | 33.6 | 16.1‰ | 6.6‰ |
| 2025 | 1,463,859,371 | 0.89% | 1.98 | 72.1 | 33.6 | 16.1‰ | 6.6‰ |
| 2030 | 1,527,524,488 | 0.83% | 1.96 | 72.6 | 33.7 | 15.7‰ | 6.8‰ |
| 2035 | 1,589,271,631 | 0.77% | 1.95 | 73.1 | 33.8 | 15.3‰ | 6.9‰ |
| 2040 | 1,648,649,948 | 0.71% | 1.94 | 73.6 | 33.9 | 14.9‰ | 7.1‰ |
| 2045 | 1,705,212,049 | 0.65% | 1.93 | 74.1 | 34.0 | 14.5‰ | 7.2‰ |
| 2050 | 1,758,519,525 | 0.59% | 1.92 | 74.6 | 34.0 | 14.1‰ | 7.4‰ |
| 2055 | 1,808,148,530 | 0.53% | 1.91 | 75.1 | 34.1 | 13.7‰ | 7.6‰ |
| 2060 | 1,853,695,344 | 0.48% | 1.89 | 75.6 | 34.2 | 13.3‰ | 7.7‰ |
| 2065 | 1,894,781,809 | 0.42% | 1.88 | 76.1 | 34.3 | 12.9‰ | 7.9‰ |
| 2070 | 1,931,060,523 | 0.36% | 1.87 | 76.6 | 34.4 | 12.5‰ | 8.0‰ |
| 2075 | 1,962,219,722 | 0.30% | 1.86 | 77.1 | 34.5 | 12.0‰ | 8.2‰ |
| 2080 | 1,987,987,724 | 0.24% | 1.85 | 77.6 | 34.6 | 11.6‰ | 8.4‰ |
| 2085 | 2,008,136,867 | 0.18% | 1.84 | 78.1 | 34.7 | 11.2‰ | 8.5‰ |
| 2090 | 2,022,486,853 | 0.12% | 1.82 | 78.6 | 34.7 | 10.8‰ | 8.7‰ |
| 2095 | 2,030,907,430 | 0.06% | 1.81 | 79.1 | 34.8 | 10.4‰ | 8.8‰ |
| 2100 | 2,033,320,356 | 0.00% | 1.80 | 79.6 | 34.9 | 10.0‰ | 9.0‰ |
About Country — India
India is a country in Asia (Southern Asia) with a total population of 1,450,935,791 as of 2024. It covers an area of 3,287,263 km², resulting in a population density of 483.7 people per km².
The average life expectancy is 72.0 years (70.5 for men, 73.6 for women). The fertility rate stands at 1.98 children per woman, and the median age of the population is 33.6 years.
The country's population growth rate is 0.89% per year. Net migration is -630,830 people, indicating that more people are leaving the country than arriving. The infant mortality rate is 24.5 per 1,000 live births.
Demographic Profile
India is located in Southern Asia, a part of Asia, and covers an area of 3,287,263 km². With a population of 1,450,935,791, the country has a population density of 483.7 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is above the global average of approximately 60 people per km².
The demographic structure of India reveals a population in demographic transition. The median age of 33.6 years means that half of the population is younger and half is older than this age. The population is in a transitional phase, with declining birth rates and improving life expectancy gradually shifting the age structure toward an older profile.
Health and Longevity
Life expectancy in India stands at 72.0 years overall — 70.5 years for men and 73.6 years for women. This is close to the global average, indicating ongoing improvements in healthcare and living conditions. The infant mortality rate is 24.5 per 1,000 live births, which reflects moderate healthcare conditions with room for improvement.
Fertility and Population Growth
The total fertility rate (TFR) of 1.98 children per woman is near the replacement level of 2.1, suggesting population stability. The population is growing at a rate of 0.89% per year. This moderate growth rate reflects a balance between natural increase and migration patterns.
Migration
Net migration in India is -630,830 people, meaning more people are leaving the country than arriving. Emigration may reflect economic challenges or conflict, and can lead to brain drain as skilled workers seek opportunities elsewhere.
Outlook
Based on current demographic trends, India's population dynamics reflect broader patterns seen across Southern Asia. The ongoing demographic transition will require careful policy planning to harness the potential of a changing population structure.
Year Reviews
2024
In 2024, India had a population of 1,450,935,791. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 0.89%.
The total fertility rate stood at 1.98 children per woman. Life expectancy was 72.0 years overall, with men averaging 70.5 years and women 73.6 years. The median age of the population was 33.6 years.
The crude birth rate was 16.1 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 6.6 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -630,830 people. The infant mortality rate was 24.5 per 1,000 live births.
2000
In 2000, India had a population of 1,057,922,733. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 1.88%.
The total fertility rate stood at 3.35 children per woman. Life expectancy was 62.7 years overall, with men averaging 61.8 years and women 63.8 years. The median age of the population was 27.0 years.
The crude birth rate was 27.5 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 8.6 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -143,960 people. The infant mortality rate was 66.3 per 1,000 live births.
1974
In 1974, India had a population of 597,041,391. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 2.30%.
The total fertility rate stood at 5.33 children per woman. Life expectancy was 50.3 years overall, with men averaging 50.7 years and women 49.7 years. The median age of the population was 23.3 years.
The crude birth rate was 39.0 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 15.9 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to 347,869 people. The infant mortality rate was 127.6 per 1,000 live births.
1964
In 1964, India had a population of 479,229,598. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 2.34%.
The total fertility rate stood at 5.98 children per woman. Life expectancy was 46.7 years overall, with men averaging 47.3 years and women 46.1 years. The median age of the population was 22.6 years.
The crude birth rate was 42.1 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 18.5 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -141,916 people. The infant mortality rate was 144.0 per 1,000 live births.
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