Sierra Leone is a country in Africa (Western Africa) with a total population of 8,642,022 as of 2024. It covers an area of 71,740 km², resulting in a population density of 117.2 people per km².

The average life expectancy is 61.8 years (60.1 for men, 63.5 for women). The fertility rate stands at 3.79 children per woman, and the median age of the population is 25.2 years.

The country's population growth rate is 2.12% per year. Net migration is -11,000 people, indicating that more people are leaving the country than arriving. The infant mortality rate is 56.2 per 1,000 live births.

Demographic Profile

Sierra Leone is located in Western Africa, a part of Africa, and covers an area of 71,740 km². With a population of 8,642,022, the country has a population density of 117.2 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is above the global average of approximately 60 people per km².

The demographic structure of Sierra Leone reveals a population in demographic transition. The median age of 25.2 years means that half of the population is younger and half is older than this age. The population is in a transitional phase, with declining birth rates and improving life expectancy gradually shifting the age structure toward an older profile.

Health and Longevity

Life expectancy in Sierra Leone stands at 61.8 years overall — 60.1 years for men and 63.5 years for women. This is below the global average, reflecting challenges in healthcare access, nutrition, or ongoing conflicts. The infant mortality rate is 56.2 per 1,000 live births, which indicates significant challenges in maternal and child healthcare.

Fertility and Population Growth

The total fertility rate (TFR) of 3.79 children per woman is above the replacement level of 2.1, contributing to population growth. The population is growing at a rate of 2.12% per year. At this rate, the population could double within approximately 33 years if trends continue.

Migration

Net migration in Sierra Leone is -11,000 people, meaning more people are leaving the country than arriving. Emigration may reflect economic challenges or conflict, and can lead to brain drain as skilled workers seek opportunities elsewhere.

Outlook

Based on current demographic trends, Sierra Leone's population dynamics reflect broader patterns seen across Western Africa. The ongoing demographic transition will require careful policy planning to harness the potential of a changing population structure.