Total number of people living in the country.
How many people live per square kilometer of land.
How long a newborn baby can expect to live on average.
Average number of children born to each woman. About 2.1 is needed to keep population stable.
Half the population is younger and half is older than this age.
Difference between people moving in and out. Positive means more arrivals.
Population Trend
How the total population has changed over the decades. A rising line means the country has been growing, a flat or falling line indicates stagnation or decline.
Population Projection to 2100
Estimated future population based on current trends in birth rates, death rates, and migration. The dashed line shows this is a projection, not actual data.
Birth Rate vs Death Rate
Birth rate (green) vs. death rate (red) per 1,000 people per year. When the birth rate is higher than the death rate, the population grows naturally.
Life Expectancy (Male vs Female)
Average number of years a newborn can expect to live. Blue shows men, red shows women. Women typically live longer in most countries.
Fertility Rate Trend
Total Fertility Rate — the average number of children per woman. A rate of about 2.1 is needed to maintain the population without immigration.
Population Pyramid
Shows the age distribution of the population. Blue bars (left) represent men, red bars (right) represent women. A wide base means a young population, a wide top means an aging population.
Historical Data
Detailed numbers for selected years showing how the country's key indicators have changed over time. Click column headers to sort.
| Year | Population | Growth Rate | Fertility Rate (TFR) | Life Expectancy | Median Age | Birth Rate | Death Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 10,123,658 | 0.00% | 6.07 | 38.7 | 23.3 | 44.8‰ | 24.7‰ |
| 1965 | 11,173,411 | 2.05% | 6.01 | 40.7 | 23.5 | 43.9‰ | 23.0‰ |
| 1970 | 12,436,190 | 2.19% | 5.87 | 43.2 | 23.6 | 42.9‰ | 21.0‰ |
| 1975 | 13,870,695 | 2.20% | 5.73 | 45.5 | 23.4 | 41.6‰ | 19.1‰ |
| 1980 | 15,553,105 | 2.36% | 5.60 | 48.3 | 23.2 | 40.4‰ | 17.0‰ |
| 1985 | 17,477,692 | 2.27% | 5.46 | 50.9 | 23.1 | 39.4‰ | 15.2‰ |
| 1990 | 19,524,573 | 2.42% | 5.21 | 54.8 | 22.7 | 38.1‰ | 12.8‰ |
| 1995 | 22,245,439 | 2.40% | 4.87 | 59.3 | 22.8 | 36.8‰ | 10.3‰ |
| 2000 | 24,546,509 | 1.73% | 3.98 | 62.6 | 23.2 | 31.0‰ | 8.4‰ |
| 2005 | 26,309,458 | 1.12% | 3.12 | 65.3 | 24.5 | 25.8‰ | 7.2‰ |
| 2010 | 27,341,952 | 0.62% | 2.54 | 66.8 | 26.8 | 22.9‰ | 7.0‰ |
| 2015 | 27,823,629 | 0.55% | 2.27 | 67.4 | 28.8 | 22.1‰ | 7.4‰ |
| 2020 | 28,966,574 | 1.93% | 2.05 | 69.1 | 30.6 | 20.2‰ | 7.3‰ |
| 2024 | 29,651,054 | -0.15% | 1.98 | 70.4 | 31.6 | 19.3‰ | 6.9‰ |
| 2025 | 29,607,526 | -0.15% | 1.98 | 70.5 | 31.6 | 19.3‰ | 6.9‰ |
| 2030 | 29,399,485 | -0.14% | 1.97 | 71.0 | 31.7 | 18.7‰ | 7.1‰ |
| 2035 | 29,207,215 | -0.13% | 1.96 | 71.5 | 31.9 | 18.1‰ | 7.2‰ |
| 2040 | 29,030,421 | -0.12% | 1.95 | 72.0 | 32.0 | 17.5‰ | 7.3‰ |
| 2045 | 28,868,838 | -0.11% | 1.93 | 72.5 | 32.1 | 16.8‰ | 7.5‰ |
| 2050 | 28,722,220 | -0.10% | 1.92 | 73.0 | 32.2 | 16.2‰ | 7.6‰ |
| 2055 | 28,590,348 | -0.09% | 1.91 | 73.5 | 32.4 | 15.6‰ | 7.8‰ |
| 2060 | 28,473,022 | -0.08% | 1.90 | 74.0 | 32.5 | 15.0‰ | 7.9‰ |
| 2065 | 28,370,068 | -0.07% | 1.89 | 74.5 | 32.6 | 14.4‰ | 8.0‰ |
| 2070 | 28,281,331 | -0.06% | 1.87 | 75.0 | 32.7 | 13.7‰ | 8.2‰ |
| 2075 | 28,206,679 | -0.05% | 1.86 | 75.5 | 32.9 | 13.1‰ | 8.3‰ |
| 2080 | 28,146,000 | -0.04% | 1.85 | 76.0 | 33.0 | 12.5‰ | 8.4‰ |
| 2085 | 28,099,203 | -0.03% | 1.84 | 76.5 | 33.1 | 11.9‰ | 8.6‰ |
| 2090 | 28,066,219 | -0.02% | 1.82 | 77.0 | 33.2 | 11.2‰ | 8.7‰ |
| 2095 | 28,046,996 | -0.01% | 1.81 | 77.5 | 33.4 | 10.6‰ | 8.9‰ |
| 2100 | 28,041,507 | 0.00% | 1.80 | 78.0 | 33.5 | 10.0‰ | 9.0‰ |
About Country — Nepal
Nepal is a country in Asia (Southern Asia) with a total population of 29,651,054 as of 2024. It covers an area of 147,181 km², resulting in a population density of 207.1 people per km².
The average life expectancy is 70.4 years (68.8 for men, 71.8 for women). The fertility rate stands at 1.98 children per woman, and the median age of the population is 31.6 years.
The country's population growth rate is -0.15% per year. Net migration is -401,282 people, indicating that more people are leaving the country than arriving. The infant mortality rate is 23.3 per 1,000 live births.
Demographic Profile
Nepal is located in Southern Asia, a part of Asia, and covers an area of 147,181 km². With a population of 29,651,054, the country has a population density of 207.1 inhabitants per square kilometer, which is above the global average of approximately 60 people per km².
The demographic structure of Nepal reveals a population in demographic transition. The median age of 31.6 years means that half of the population is younger and half is older than this age. The population is in a transitional phase, with declining birth rates and improving life expectancy gradually shifting the age structure toward an older profile.
Health and Longevity
Life expectancy in Nepal stands at 70.4 years overall — 68.8 years for men and 71.8 years for women. This is close to the global average, indicating ongoing improvements in healthcare and living conditions. The infant mortality rate is 23.3 per 1,000 live births, which reflects moderate healthcare conditions with room for improvement.
Fertility and Population Growth
The total fertility rate (TFR) of 1.98 children per woman is near the replacement level of 2.1, suggesting population stability. The population is roughly stable at a rate of -0.15% per year. This decline is driven by low birth rates, emigration, or a combination of both factors.
Migration
Net migration in Nepal is -401,282 people, meaning more people are leaving the country than arriving. Emigration may reflect economic challenges or conflict, and can lead to brain drain as skilled workers seek opportunities elsewhere.
Outlook
Based on current demographic trends, Nepal's population dynamics reflect broader patterns seen across Southern Asia. The ongoing demographic transition will require careful policy planning to harness the potential of a changing population structure.
Year Reviews
2024
In 2024, Nepal had a population of 29,651,054. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of -0.15%.
The total fertility rate stood at 1.98 children per woman. Life expectancy was 70.4 years overall, with men averaging 68.8 years and women 71.8 years. The median age of the population was 31.6 years.
The crude birth rate was 19.3 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 6.9 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -401,282 people. The infant mortality rate was 23.3 per 1,000 live births.
2000
In 2000, Nepal had a population of 24,546,509. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 1.73%.
The total fertility rate stood at 3.98 children per woman. Life expectancy was 62.6 years overall, with men averaging 61.2 years and women 64.2 years. The median age of the population was 23.2 years.
The crude birth rate was 31.0 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 8.4 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -147,193 people. The infant mortality rate was 61.8 per 1,000 live births.
1974
In 1974, Nepal had a population of 13,568,435. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 2.18%.
The total fertility rate stood at 5.75 children per woman. Life expectancy was 44.9 years overall, with men averaging 44.9 years and women 44.8 years. The median age of the population was 23.4 years.
The crude birth rate was 41.8 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 19.5 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -4,361 people. The infant mortality rate was 166.1 per 1,000 live births.
1964
In 1964, Nepal had a population of 10,946,392. Located in Asia (Southern Asia), the country experienced a population growth rate of 2.00%.
The total fertility rate stood at 6.04 children per woman. Life expectancy was 40.2 years overall, with men averaging 40.2 years and women 40.2 years. The median age of the population was 23.5 years.
The crude birth rate was 44.2 per 1,000 people, while the crude death rate was 23.4 per 1,000 people. Net migration amounted to -6,087 people. The infant mortality rate was 204.8 per 1,000 live births.
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